The use of Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs) involves several challenges related to technology, operations, and safety. Limited battery capacity and range can reduce operational time, while challenging weather and sea conditions affect stability, data quality, and reliability. Communication and data links can be vulnerable to interruptions or interference, creating a risk of loss of control or data. In addition, navigating in busy waters demands high standards for safety and regulatory compliance, and integrating sensors and other systems reliably can be challenging. Overall, safe and effective operations require careful planning, redundancy, and dependable technology.